瞬態過電壓是指在極短時間內發生的高電壓脈衝，可能持續幾微秒到幾毫秒。這些過電壓不屬於設備正常運作的工作電壓範圍，但必須被考慮進安全設計，因為它們足以擊穿絕緣或設備損壞。
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不會。海拔高度只會影響空氣的介電強度，因此只會調整「間隙距離」；爬電距離設計不受高度影響。
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因此，選擇適當的爬電距離對於減少電氣故障風險至關重要。所需距離取決於電壓水平、絕緣材料類型以及運行環境條件。通過確保組件符合爬電標準，設計人員可顯著提升電氣系統的安全性與可靠性，尤其在高壓應用中。
不行。兩者是獨立的安全設計參數，爬電距離用於防止表面漏電，間隙距離則防止空氣放電。缺一不可，需分別依標準查表計算。
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設備運行環境中的污染狀況會顯著影響絕緣性能。污染等級越高，越容易在絕緣表面形成導電通路，增加漏電或電弧風險，因此需設定更長的爬電距離。
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工作電壓會直接影響你需要設計的「間隙距離」和「爬電距離」大小。電壓越高，潛在的絕緣需求和空氣/表面擊穿風險越高，安全距離需求就越大。
不同的絕緣措施(如基本絕緣、雙重絕緣或強化絕緣)對爬電距離的要求有所不同，越高等級的絕緣保護，所需距離越長。
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